GE8076 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING
UNIT 5 GLOBAL ISSUES
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQs)
by Dr. S. Selvaganesan, Prof. & HoD/IT, JJCET
UNIT V GLOBAL ISSUES
Multinational Corporations – Environmental Ethics – Computer Ethics–
Weapons Development – Engineers as Managers – Consulting Engineers – Engineers
as Expert Witnesses and Advisors – Moral
Leadership – Code of Conduct - Corporate
Social Responsibility.
1. _________
means integration of countries through commerce, transfer of technology, and
exchange of information and culture.
A.
Nationalization
B. Globalization
C. Localization
D. None of the
above
Ans: B
2. Organizations,
who have established business in more than one country, are called
_______________.
A. National
Corporation
B. Multinational
Corporation
C. Internal
Corporation
D. None of the
above
Ans: B
3. The Western
organizations doing business in less-economically developed (developing, and
overpopulated) countries gain the advantanges of the following.
A. inexpensive
labor
B. availability
of natural resources
C. conducive tax
atmosphere, and virgin market for the products.
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
4. Because of
the Multinational Corporations (MNCs), the advantages to host countries are the
following.
A. fresh job
opportunities and jobs with higher remuneration and challenges
B. transfer of
technology
C. several
social benefits by the wealth developed.
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
5. Demerits of
Multinational Corporations (MNCs) to host countries are the following.
A. Loss of jobs
for the home country
B. loss or
exploitation of natural resources
C. political
instability for the host countries
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
6. _____________
is a process of moving technology to a new setting and implementing it there.
A. Technology
Transfer
B. Borrowed
technology
C. Outsourcing
D. None of the
above
Ans: A
7. Identification,
transfer, and implementation of most suitable technology for a set of new
situations, is called ________________.
A. appropriate
technology
B. technology
transfer
C. modern
technology
D. None of the
above
Ans: A
8. Appropriateness
of technology is to be determined based on the following.
A. availability
of resources
B. physical
conditions
C. capital
opportunity costs, and the human value system
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
9. Which of the
following is/are correct about the Multinational Corporations (MNCs)?
A. MNC should
respect the basic human rights of the people of the host countries.
B. The
activities of the MNC should give economic and transfer technical benefits, and
implement welfare measure of the workers of the host countries.
C. The business
practices of the MNC should improve and promote the cultures of the host
countries.
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
10. Actions are
morally right when they are approved by law, custom etc. This is called
__________.
A. Moral
relativism
B. Ethical
pluralism
C. Ethical
relativism
D. Ethical
egoism
Ans: C
11. The
Multinational Corporations may practice laws of the home country, without
adjustments to the host culture. This stand is called ____________.
A. ethical
relativism
B. ethical
absolutism
C. ethical
egoism
D. ethical
pluralism
Ans: B
12. _________ is
the acceptance that there may be more than one correct moral framework
(justifiable) that we can use.
A. ethical
relativism
B. ethical
absolutism
C. ethical
egoism
D. ethical
pluralism
Ans: D
13.
____________________ is the normative ethical position that moral agents ought to act in their own self-interest.
A.
ethical relativism
B.
ethical absolutism
C.
ethical egoism
D.
ethical pluralism
Ans:
C
14. __________ Ethics
is the study of moral issues concerning the environment, and moral perspectives,
beliefs, or attitudes concerning those issues.
A. Personal
B. Engineering
C. Medical
D. Environmental
Ans: D
15. Environmental
ethics is essential now to
A. Ensure
protection (safety) of environment.
B. Prevent the
degradation of environment, and
C. Slow down the
exploitation of natural resources.
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
16. Engineers as
experimenters have the following duties towards environmental ethics.
A. Environmental
Impact Assessment
B. Establish
standards: Study and fix the tolerable and actual pollution levels.
C. Counter
Measures for immediate implementation & Educate the people on environmental
issues and possible remedies.
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
17. The
following are the categories of environmental ethics:
A. Libertarian Extension,
Ecologic Extension and Conservation Ethics
B. Libertarian
Extension, Ecologic Extension and Dereliction Ethics
C. Dictorial Extension, Ecologic Extension and
Conservation Ethics
D. None of the
above
Ans: A
18. _____________
echoes a civil liberty approach (i.e. a commitment to extend equal rights to
all members of a community). In environmentalism, though, the community is
generally thought to consist of non-humans as well as humans.
A. Ecologic
Extension
B. Conservation
Ethics
C. Libertarian
Extension
D. None of the
above
Ans: C
19. _______________
places emphasis not on human rights but on the recognition of the fundamental
interdependence of all biological (and some abiological) entities and their
essential diversity.
A. Ecologic
Extension
B. Conservation
Ethics
C. Libertarian
Extension
D. None of the
above
Ans: A
20. ______________
is an extension of use-value into the non-human biological world. It focuses
only on the worth of the environment in terms of its utility or usefulness to
humans.
A. Ecologic
Extension
B. Conservation
Ethics
C. Libertarian
Extension
D. None of the
above
Ans: B
21. Disasters in
the context of environmental ethics are the following.
A. Plastic Waste
Disposal & e-Waste Disposal
B. Industrial
Waste Disposal & Depletion of Ozone Layer
C. Global
Warming & Acid Rain
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
22. Computer ethics has its roots in the
work of ___ during World War II.
A. Hermen Horllerith
B. Blaise Pascal
C. Charles Babbage
D. Norbert Wiener
Ans: D
23. __________ ethics
is defined as study and analysis of nature and social impact of computer
technology, and formulation and justification of policies, for ethical use of
computers.
A. Engineering
B. Computer
C. Medical
D. Personal
Ans: B
24. Different
types of problems that are found in computer ethics are the following.
A. Computer as
the Instrument of Unethical Acts
B. Computer as
the Object of Unethical Act
C. Problems
Related to the Autonomous Nature of Computer
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
25. Problems related
to the computer as the Instrument of Unethical Acts are:
A. The usage of
computer replaces the job positions.
B. Breaking
privacy.
C. Defraud a
bank or a client, by accessing and withdrawing money from other’s bank account.
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
26. Problems related
to the computer as the Object of Unethical Act are:
A. Hacking: The
software is stolen or information is accessed from other computers.
B. Spreading
virus: Through mail or otherwise, other computers are accessed and the files
are erased or contents changed altogether. ‘Trojan horses’ are implanted to
distort the messages and files beyond recovery.
C. Health
hazard: The computers pose threat during their use as well as during disposal.
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
27. Problems related
to the Autonomous Nature of Computer
A. Security risk
B. Loss of human
lives: Risk and loss of human lives lost by computer, in the operational
control of military weapons.
C. In flexible
manufacturing systems, the autonomous computer is beneficial in obtaining
continuous monitoring and automatic control.
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
28. The ethical
problems initiated by computers in the workplace are:
A. Elimination
of routine and manual jobs.
B. Health and
safety: (ill-effects due to electromagnetic radiation, especially on women and
pregnant employees, mental stress, wrist problem known as Carpel Tunnel
Syndrome, and back pain due to poor ergonomic seating designs, and eye strain
due to poor lighting and flickers in the display and long exposure)
C. Computer
failure: Failure in computers may be due to errors in the hardware or software.
D. All of the above
Ans : D
29. The property
issues concerned with the computers are:
A. Computers are
used to cheat and steal by current as well as previous employees.
B. Cheating of
and stealing from the customers and clients, & Conspiracy as a group,
especially with the internet, to defraud the gullible, stealing the identity
and to forge documents.
C. Violation of
property rights
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
30. ________ is a self- replicating program that
can cause damage to data and files stored on the computer.
A. Freeware
B. Virus
C. Piracy
D. None of the given
Ans: B
31. The protection of hardware,
facilities magnetic disks, and other illegally accessed, stolen, damaged or
destroyed items refers to ____
A. Personal security
B. Physical security
C. Personnel security
D. None of the above
Ans: B
32. ____ refers to software setups that
permit only authorized access to the system.
A. Personnel security
C. Physical security
B. Personal security
D. None of the above
Ans: C
33. ____ is the illegal access to the
network or computer system.
A. Security
B. Virus
C. Malware
D. Cracking
Ans: D
34. General guidelines of computer
ethics are needed for ____
A. Cracking
B. Computer crime
C .Protection of personal data
D. All of the above
Ans: D
35. Cracking comes under ____
A. Website Service
B. Transcription
C. Data Security
D. Computer Crime
Ans: D
36. General guidelines of computer
ethics are needed for ____
A. Cracking
B. Computer crime
C .Protection of personal data
D. All of the above
Ans: D
37. Cracking comes under ____
A. Website Service
B. Transcription
C. Data Security
D. Computer Crime
Ans: D
38. Running other software on idle
computer without the knowledge of the organization is called theft of ____
A. Computer
B. Software
C. Computer time
D. Utility
Ans: C
39. We can protect sensitive data from
prying eyes using ________
A. File locks
B. File permissions
C. Passwords
D. Encryption
Ans: B
40. A hacker
contacts one’s phone or E-mail and attempts to acquire his/her password is
called _________.
A. Spamming
B. Phishing
C. Spoofing
D. None of the above
Ans: B
41. Engineers
involve in weapons development because of the following reasons:
A. It gives one
job with high salary.
B. One takes
pride and honor in participating in the defense activities.
C. One believes
the he fights a war on terrorism and thereby contribute to peace and stability
of the country.& By R&D, the engineer is reducing the risk from enemy
weapons, and saving one’s country from disaster.
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
42. The
characteristics of engineers as managers are:
A. Promote an
ethical climate
B. Resolving conflicts
C. Social
responsibility to stakeholders, customers and employers.
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
43. Which of the
following is/are true about consulting engineers?
A. The
consulting engineers work in private. There is no salary from the employers.
B. They charge
fees from the sponsor and they have more freedom to decide on their projects.
C. Still they
have no absolute freedom, because they need to earn for their living.
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
44. The
consulting engineers have the following ethical responsibilities.
A. Advertising
B. Competitive
bidding & Contingency fees
C. Safety and
client needs
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
45. Engineers
are required to explain the causes of accidents, malfunctions and other
technological behavior of structures, machines, and instruments, e.g., personal
injury while using an instrument, defective product, traffic accident,
structure or building collapse, and damage to the property, are some of the
cases where testimonies are needed. So, the engineers act as _______________.
A. Consultants
B. Expert
Witnesses
C. Advisors
D. None of the
above
Ans: B
46. The
engineers, who act as expert-witnesses, are likely to abuse their positions in
the following manner(s):
A. Hired guns
B. Money bias
C. Ego bias
& Sympathy bias
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
47. Engineers
are required to give their view on the future such as in planning and
policy-making, which involves the technology. So, they act as _____________.
A. Consultants
B. Expert
Witnesses
C. Advisors
D. None of the above
Ans: C
48. _______________
means adopting reasonable means to motivate the groups to achieve morally
desirable goals.
A. Autocratic
leadership
B. Moral
leadership
C. Participative
leadership
D. Paternalistic
Leadership
Ans. B
49. A
_______________ is a set of rules outlining the social norms, religious rules
and responsibilities of, and or proper practices for, an individual, party or
organization. Related concepts include ethical, honor, moral codes and
religious laws.
A.
Administrative manual
B. Operating
manual
C. code of
conduct
D. None of the
above
Ans: C
50. A
____________ Code of Conduct is an official document that clearly defines how a
company's employees should behave in the workplace on a day-to-day basis.
A. amateur
B. professional
C. normal
D. None of the
above
Ans: B
51. Which of the
following is/are correct about Code of Conduct and Code of Ethics?
A. Code of
Ethics is general in nature, whereas
code of conduct is specific.
B. Code of
Conduct is addressed to employees only. Code of Ethics focuses on values or
principles.
C. Code of
Conduct is focused on compliance and rules.
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
52. Code of
conduct provides Rules of Practice. Engineers shall
A. hold
paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public.
B. perform
services only in the areas of their competence & issue public statements
only in an objective and truthful manner.
C. act for each
employer or client as faithful agents or trustees & avoid deceptive acts.
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
53. Which of the
following is not Professional Obligation (code of conduct)?
A. Engineers
shall not be guided in all their relation by the highest standards of honesty
and integrity.
B. Engineers
shall at all times strive to serve the public interest.
C. Engineers shall
avoid all conduct or practice that deceives the public.
D. Engineers
shall not disclose, without consent, confidential information concerning the
business affairs or technical processes of any present or former client or
employer, or public body on which they serve.
Ans: A
54. ____________
is a gesture of showing the company's concern and commitment towards society's
sustainability and development. It is the ethical behaviour of a company
towards society.
A. Company
Economic Responsibility
B. Corporate
Social Responsibility (CSR)
C. both A and B
D. None of the
above
Ans: B
55. Benefits of
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
A. Increased
employee satisfaction
B. Improved
public image
C. Increased
customer loyalty and creativity
D. All of the
above
Ans: D
56. Which of the following is the most
common job activity of top-level managers?
A. Writing and reading corporate
financial reports
B. Developing and testing new products
C. Directing and interacting with
people
D. Designing and implementing production systems
Ans: C
57. The
professional’s standard of care and skill establishes the point at which a
professional:
A. May or may
not charge a fee for services
B. Has the duty
to apply “reasonable care”
C. Has met the
minimum requirements for registration
D. May be judged
negligent in the performance of services
Ans: D
58. To
effectively reduce liability exposure, the professional engineer or
geoscientist should:
A. Pursue
continuing educational opportunities
B. Work under
the supervision of a senior engineer or geoscientist
C. Maintain
professional standards in practice
D. Provide
clients with frequent progress reports
Ans: C
59. What is the only concern of stock
holders?
A. Financial return
B. Make profits
C. Encourage business to take up social
responsibility
D. None of the above
Ans: A
60. __________ is when a firm engages in social
actions because of its obligation to meet certain economic and legal
responsibilities.
A. Social responsiveness
B. Social responsibility
C. Social obligation
D. None of the above
Ans:
C
61. What is the classical view of
management's social responsibility?
A. To create specific environment in
work place
B. To protect and improve society's
welfare
C. To maximize profits
D. All of the above
Ans: C
62. _________ may be defined as the recognition of the close
link between an organization's decisions and activities along with its impact
on the natural environment.
A. Greening of
management
B. Global
environment
C. Social
actions
D. None of the
above
Ans: A
by Dr. S. Selvaganesan, Prof. & HoD/IT, JJCET
